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SMELL YOUR FRIENDS FROM YOUR ENEMIES!

Unlike humans, most animals rely heavily on scents to collect information about their external environment, and in particular assess the friendly or not-so-friendly nature of encounters with other…

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HOW TO SHUCK A SPECIALIZED CHAPERONE

(L-R) Vlad Denic, Fei Wang, Matthew Tung Eukaryotic cells target a large fraction of proteins synthesized in the cytosol to a number of different intracellular membrane compartments (organelles).…

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SCULPTING SOUND SPACE IN THE DEVELOPING BRAIN

Brain functions, such as language, are shaped by experience during windows of heightened plasticity in early life. For example, children raised in an English- speaking environment will easily…

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STICKING TOGETHER MAKES LIFE SWEETER

(L-R) John Koschwanez and Andrew Murray Many unicellular organisms secrete enzymes that release nutrients from their environment. But most of the nutrients can't be captured by the cell's…

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CISCODE, TRANS EFFECT, TRANSCRIPTION SPECIFICITY

Erin K. O'Shea and Xu Zhou Gene expression is controlled by a class of proteins called transcription factors. These proteins usually bind to short 6-8 base pair DNA…

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HOW DO PLURIPOTENT CELLS CHOOSE A FATE?

A fundamental question in developmental biology is how multi-potent cells choose a fate. While we know a lot about how cell states are maintained through growing amounts of…

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BACTERIAL CIRCADIAN CLOCKS TIGHTLY LINKED TO METABOLISM

Michael J. Rust and Erin K. O'Shea Circadian clocks are biological oscillators that help organisms keep track of the time of the day and coordinate their behavior with…

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CHANGING THE CULTURE OF SCIENCE EDUCATION AT RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES

Rich Losick Professors at large research universities have two important responsibilities: generating new knowledge and educating students. Sometimes these missions are seen as being in competition. Indeed, we…

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HOW TO INFER CELLULAR RESPONSE TO A SMALL STIMULUS FROM BEHAVIORAL VARIABILITY BEFORE STIMULUS IN BACTERIA

Heungwon Park Over the last decade, there has been a series of remarkable studies dealing with the characterization of noise in gene regulatory networks and signaling pathways. However,…

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